URL: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4TyYX5C8uuI
Comentários: This clip shows a rat being trained to press a lever for food reinforcement. The shaping process involves “reinforcement of successive approximations of the desired response.” Following initial exposure to the box, the rat is given pellets of food for approaching the lever, then sniffing the lever, touching the lever, and finally pressing the lever. (A green circle indicates food presentation.) Although the rat’s behaviors remain variable throughout the process, the delivery of reinforcement following specific behaviors increases the future likelihood of those, and similar, behaviors. This allows the “trainer” to select behaviors for reinforcement that are more and more similar to the final response of pressing the lever. Thus, the rat’s behavior is shaped by the continually changing requirements for reward. (2:00)
Fonte: http://www.youtube.com/user/daleswartzentruber
URL: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gE6ixMxrCuo
Comentários: The omission procedure involves withholding reward following particular response. In this video, a pigeon that has initially undergone autoshaping training is placed on an omission schedule. The first two trials show the bird pecking at the key and not receiving grain. Eventually, the bird learns to stop pecking, but note that orientation toward the key continues. (0:58)
Fonte: http://www.youtube.com/user/daleswartzentruber
URL: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UBjv_fVSyQY
Comentários: Um exemplo de comportamentos modelados em laboratório com o uso de reforçamento diferencial.
Fonte: http://www.youtube.com/felipefrog
URL: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KnJPPaiJG6Y
Comentários: This clip shows a pigeon that has undergone autoshaping in a 1 m long box (after Hearst, 1980). The CS is a white circle presented for 5 s on the left side of the box. The US is 5 s access to grain on the right side of the box. The bird is not required to peck the circle to receive grain. In fact, as pecking at the circle prevents the bird from receiving the full 5 s of grain, this procedure can be considered a type of omission contingency. Some responses occur in spite of their consequences! (0:45)
Fonte: http://www.youtube.com/user/daleswartzentruber
URL: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=igcZJXYDxZw
Comentários: B. F. Skinner mostra como ele ensina um pombo a dar voltas, reforçando-o com comida.
Fonte: http://www.youtube.com/felipefrog
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